Java Serialization

public interface Serializable {
}

public class Person implements Serializable {

    transient private Integer age = null;


    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
        out.defaultWriteObject();
        out.writeInt(age);
    }

    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        in.defaultReadObject();
        age = in.readInt();
    }
}

public class ObjectOutputStream
    extends OutputStream implements ObjectOutput, ObjectStreamConstants
{
    // -- 序列化的关键函数
    private void writeObject0(Object obj, boolean unshared)
        throws IOException {
        // ......
        // remaining cases
        if (obj instanceof String) {
            writeString((String) obj, unshared);
        } else if (cl.isArray()) {
            writeArray(obj, desc, unshared);
        } else if (obj instanceof Enum) {
            writeEnum((Enum<?>) obj, desc, unshared);
        } else if (obj instanceof Serializable) {
            writeOrdinaryObject(obj, desc, unshared);
        } else {
            if (extendedDebugInfo) {
                throw new NotSerializableException(
                    cl.getName() + "\n" + debugInfoStack.toString());
            } else {
                throw new NotSerializableException(cl.getName());
            }
        }
        // ......
    }
}

public interface Externalizable extends java.io.Serializable {
    /**
     * The object implements the writeExternal method to save its contents
     * by calling the methods of DataOutput for its primitive values or
     * calling the writeObject method of ObjectOutput for objects, strings,
     * and arrays.
     *
     * @serialData Overriding methods should use this tag to describe
     *             the data layout of this Externalizable object.
     *             List the sequence of element types and, if possible,
     *             relate the element to a public/protected field and/or
     *             method of this Externalizable class.
     *
     */
    void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException;

    /**
     * The object implements the readExternal method to restore its
     * contents by calling the methods of DataInput for primitive
     * types and readObject for objects, strings and arrays.  The
     * readExternal method must read the values in the same sequence
     * and with the same types as were written by writeExternal.
     *
     * @param in the stream to read data from in order to restore the object
     * @exception IOException if I/O errors occur
     * @exception ClassNotFoundException If the class for an object being
     *              restored cannot be found.
     */
    void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException;
}

public class Person implements Serializable {

    private static class InstanceHolder {
        private static final Person instance = new Person("John", 31, Gender.MALE);
    }

    public static Person getInstance() {
        return InstanceHolder.instance;
    }
    private String name = null;
    private Integer age = null;
    private Gender gender = null;
    // 永远返回同一个实例对象
    private Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException {
        return InstanceHolder.instance;
    }

}